Previous Exam Questions

What is flow chart? Draw a flowchart to generate Fibonacci sequence up to n numbers.

Unit 1: Logic Building

If a variable has auto storage class by default, why was the auto keyword introduced in C? Explain.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is an array? Write a C program for matrix multiplication.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

What is the use of preprocessor directives? Explain.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain bubble sort with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Give a brief note on insertion sort.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Define data type. Briefly discuss the fundamental data types supported in C.

Unit 1: Logic Building

How is an entry-controlled loop different from an exit-controlled loop? Explain.

Unit 2: Control Statements

Describe string library functions with syntax and an example program.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Explain recursion with an example program.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write a note on dynamic memory allocation.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Define a flowchart.

Unit 1: Logic Building

How do you declare a variable?

Unit 1: Logic Building

How is a pointer variable declared?

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

What do you mean by an array of pointers?

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Differentiate #undef and #ifndef.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Define formal arguments.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write the syntax of malloc().

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

What do you mean by time complexity?

Unit 1: Logic Building

Supporting concept for algorithm analysis.

Define best-case performance of an algorithm.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Supporting concept for algorithm analysis.

Write a detailed note on creating and running a program.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Devise an algorithm for the sum of n numbers using while and for loops.

Unit 2: Control Statements

Discuss decision-making statements with an example.

Unit 2: Control Statements

What is an algorithm? Write an algorithm to find the largest of three numbers.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Explain strcat and strcpy with examples.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Write a C program to insert a substring into a main string from a given position.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Write a program to multiply two matrices of size 2 × 2.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Discuss types of functions based on parameters and return type.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write a C program using functions to swap two numbers using global variables and the call-by-reference concept.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure · Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Combined question: the printed marks apply to the complete subquestion.

Explain differences between user-defined and library functions.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is recursion? State its advantages and disadvantages.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain insertion sort using an example array.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Describe linear search with an example and give its time complexity in all cases.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Discuss binary search with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write an algorithm to sum all elements in an array and find its time complexity.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Explain different type-conversion techniques with examples.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Write a C program to check whether a given number is prime.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Illustrate forms of if statements with syntax and examples.

Unit 2: Control Statements

What is an array? Describe declaration and initialisation of one- and two-dimensional arrays.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Discuss basic string functions available in C with examples.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

What is a pointer? Write a C program to sum array elements using a pointer.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Explain dynamic memory allocation functions with examples.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Discuss call by value and call by reference with example programs.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure · Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Combined question: the printed marks apply to the complete subquestion.

Explain preprocessor commands such as include and define with examples.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write a C program to find factorial using recursion.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write an algorithm to find the roots of a quadratic equation.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Write a C program for selection sort.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Differentiate declaration and definition of a variable, with examples.

Unit 1: Logic Building

How does do-while differ from while? Explain with suitable code.

Unit 2: Control Statements

State the purpose of type casting and type conversion.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Mention the pros and cons of goto in C.

Unit 2: Control Statements

List and explain storage classes in C.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Using a two-dimensional array, write a C program to transpose a 2 × 2 matrix.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Use conditional compilation to determine whether an identifier is defined.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Illustrate passing arrays to functions with a relevant example program.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write an algorithm for finding the roots of a quadratic equation.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Explain bubble sort and mention its time complexity.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Give an example of an identifier.

Unit 1: Logic Building

What is a syntax error?

Unit 1: Logic Building

What does strstr() do?

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Define a pointer.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

What is the define preprocessor command?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What does void return type indicate?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Define function signature.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write the time complexity of binary search.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write the time complexity of insertion sort.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write pseudocode to find the biggest number in a given set.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Give the syntax of while and do-while, explain them and differentiate them.

Unit 2: Control Statements

Write an algorithm to find the roots of a quadratic equation.

Unit 1: Logic Building

List bitwise operators and explain each with its precedence and associativity.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Define an array and write C code for matrix multiplication using arrays.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write about pointer arithmetic operations.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Write C code to find string length.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Explain the need for preprocessor commands.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is dynamic memory allocation and why is it required?

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Write C code for factorial using recursion.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Differentiate call by value and call by reference.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure · Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Combined question: the printed marks apply to the complete subquestion.

Write C code to print Fibonacci numbers using recursion.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write the linear-search algorithm and explain with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write two applications of searching.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

What is sorting? Explain selection sort with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

What is time complexity?

Unit 1: Logic Building

Supporting concept for algorithm analysis.

What is a compiler?

Unit 1: Logic Building

Give one example of a syntax error.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Define the enumeration data type in C.

Unit 1: Logic Building

What is a two-dimensional array?

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

How do you define a macro using the preprocessor?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is recursion?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is the signature of a function?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is the key difference between linear search and binary search?

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

What is the time complexity of selection sort?

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Differentiate object code and executable code in the context of compiling a program.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Discuss storage classes in C.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Discuss the different types of loops in C.

Unit 2: Control Statements

Differentiate a null-terminated string and a fixed-length string.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Discuss the significance of pointers and give practical examples of manipulating data.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Explain #ifdef, #ifndef and #endif conditional compilation directives.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain freeing memory and the consequences of not freeing it.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Discuss limitations of recursion and factors to consider before using it.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Describe parameter passing to functions with example programs.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write and implement binary search with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Define Big O notation and explain its significance for algorithm efficiency.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Supporting concept for algorithm analysis.

Explain bubble sort step by step with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Define algorithm.

Unit 1: Logic Building

What is a compiler?

Unit 1: Logic Building

Demonstrate strcpy().

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Write briefly about #ifdef.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is recursion?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain function signature.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is searching?

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Define Big O notation.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Supporting concept for algorithm analysis.

Explain bitwise operators in detail.

Unit 1: Logic Building

What is a flowchart? Give its symbols and shapes.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Explain loop control statements in C in detail.

Unit 2: Control Statements

Distinguish formatted and unformatted input/output statements.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Give syntax for two-dimensional arrays and explain them.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Explain types of pointers.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Discuss preprocessor commands.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain categories of user-defined functions.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write about limitations of recursive functions.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain pointers for inter-function communication.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure · Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Combined question: the printed marks apply to the complete subquestion.

Write a C program to find factorial using recursion.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write a program for insertion sort.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Explain linear search for key 77 in 88, 22, 38, 29, 44, 12, 77, 81, 98.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Distinguish linear and binary search with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write a program for bubble sort.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

List bitwise operators in C.

Unit 1: Logic Building

What is the purpose of type conversion?

Unit 1: Logic Building

What is an array?

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

What is the significance of strcpy?

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

What is the purpose of the preprocessor?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is a function prototype?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Define function signature.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is the time complexity of bubble sort?

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

What is the main advantage of binary search over linear search?

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write an algorithm for finding the roots of a quadratic equation.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Discuss the importance of flowcharts and pseudocode in designing algorithms.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Describe storage classes available in C.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain types of errors with examples.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Explain how to define and use an enumeration data type in C.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Compare character arrays and string literals. Explain strings as arrays of characters.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Describe creating and initialising a one-dimensional array, with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Compare #ifdef and #ifndef.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Describe allocation and deallocation using malloc and free, with a program.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Explain the call-by-reference mechanism with an example.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure · Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Combined question: the printed marks apply to the complete subquestion.

Write a C program to calculate factorial using recursion.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain binary search in detail with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Explain the key steps of insertion sort with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Draw a flowchart to find whether a number is even or odd.

Unit 1: Logic Building

What are operator precedence rules?

Unit 1: Logic Building

What is the purpose of #undef?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain void return type.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What are limitations of recursive functions?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write linear-search logic.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write an algorithm to find the sum of two numbers.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Explain stdin, stdout and stderr with examples.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Write a C program to print the pattern whose row i contains i copies of the number i, for rows 1 to 5.

Unit 2: Control Statements

Write a C program to print the Fibonacci series.

Unit 2: Control Statements

What is the ternary operator? Write the syntax of switch-case.

Unit 1: Logic Building · Unit 2: Control Statements

Combined question: the printed marks apply to the complete subquestion.

Multiply two matrices and store the result in a third matrix using C.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write a program to reverse a string.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Explain enumeration data type.

Unit 1: Logic Building

What are preprocessing commands? Distinguish #ifdef and #ifndef.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Write a program to swap two numbers using call-by-value parameter passing.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain dynamic allocation of memory for arrays.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Find the sum of squares of the first N natural numbers using recursion.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain passing pointers to a function, with examples.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Give bubble sort and sort 55, 96, 61, 99, 14, 87, 112, 135, 567, 16.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Compute the time complexity of bubble sort.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write an algorithm to find minimum and maximum values in a given set.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Explain the principle of insertion sort and derive its time complexity.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Differentiate extern and static storage classes.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

What is the need for type conversion? Explain.

Unit 1: Logic Building

How do you declare a function in C?

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain call by value with an example.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Give the time complexities of bubble sort and insertion sort.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

What is binary search?

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

What is a flowchart? Explain how it represents algorithms.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Discuss the role of operator precedence in expression evaluation, with examples.

Unit 1: Logic Building

Give the syntax of strlen, strcat, strcpy and strstr.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Count occurrences of a character in a string using C.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Explain initialisation of one- and two-dimensional arrays with examples.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Find the second largest and second smallest numbers in an array using C.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

What are preprocessor commands, why are they needed, and give examples.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Explain recursion and its limitations.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Find the sum of digits using recursion in C.

Unit 3: Functions and Program Structure

Define dynamic memory allocation; explain calloc and malloc.

Unit 5: Pointers and Strings

Explain passing an entire array as an argument to a function, with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write linear search and explain with an example.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Give best-, average- and worst-case time complexities of linear search.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting

Write and explain selection sort with an example and its time complexity.

Unit 4: Arrays, Searching and Sorting