Web Foundations
Understand the Internet, Web architecture, URLs, HTTP, browsers and servers.
Understand how the Web works — then learn how to build it.
A structured journey through Internet architecture, HTTP, browsers, web servers, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, server-side technologies, databases, APIs, security and modern web development.
Web Technologies is not only about writing HTML pages. You will first understand the systems behind the Web, then progressively learn how different technologies work together.
Understand the Internet, Web architecture, URLs, HTTP, browsers and servers.
Build a strong foundation in HTML, CSS and JavaScript.
Understand server-side programming and the technologies used to process web requests.
Learn how web applications communicate with databases and other services.
Understand authentication, authorization, common vulnerabilities and secure development.
Learn with interview questions, practice tasks, revision points and practical examples.
Completed levels can be opened immediately. Future levels remain visible so you can see the complete learning journey.
Understand the Internet, Web, frontend, backend, client-server model and the complete web request lifecycle.
Explore IP addresses, DNS, domains, ports, hosting and layered web architecture.
Learn URL anatomy, HTTP methods, request and response structure, headers, status codes and HTTPS.
Understand browser architecture, DOM, CSSOM, rendering, JavaScript engines, web servers and DevTools.
Study three-tier architecture, MVC, APIs, authentication, authorization, caching, CDNs and scalable systems.
Learn editors, project structure, debugging, validation, formatting, Git and professional development workflow.
Documents, elements, tags, attributes, headings, paragraphs, nesting and the HTML document structure.
Text formatting, hyperlinks, images, audio, video and media integration.
Structured lists, tables, form controls, user input and form submission concepts.
Semantic elements, meaningful document structure, accessibility and usable forms.
CSS syntax, selectors, colors, backgrounds, fonts and the cascade.
Margin, padding, borders, sizing, positioning and layout fundamentals.
Build flexible layouts and responsive interfaces for different screen sizes.
Variables, data types, operators, expressions, control flow and functions.
Arrays, objects, methods, data handling and practical JavaScript problem solving.
DOM manipulation, elements, attributes, styles and browser APIs.
Event handling, event propagation, form validation and browser interaction.
Promises, async/await, Fetch, APIs, errors and asynchronous flow.
Local storage, session storage, cookies and browser-side data handling.
Server-side execution, dynamic pages, sessions and server-side application flow.
PHP syntax, variables, forms, request processing and dynamic web pages.
Understand the Java-based web application ecosystem and where Servlets, JSP and JDBC fit.
Servlet lifecycle, requests, responses, sessions and server-side Java processing.
JSP structure, directives, expressions, EL, server-side page generation and MVC usage.
Connect Java web applications with databases, execute SQL and manage database operations.
Database design, SQL, relationships, queries and application data management.
REST principles, JSON, API design, client-server data exchange and integration.
Authentication, authorization, sessions, input validation and common web vulnerabilities.
Optimization, caching, compression, deployment and production considerations.
Bring the complete journey together with practical projects, revision and interview preparation.
Learn the concept with simple explanations, examples and real-world connections.
Use interactive visualizers and tracers whenever the concept benefits from them.
Test your understanding with questions, practical exercises and MCQs.
Finish each level with revision, glossary and interview preparation.
Build the correct mental model of the Web before moving into HTML, CSS and JavaScript.