DATA STRUCTURES PROGRAM • TREES & BINARY SEARCH TREES
Search for a Value in a General Binary Tree
Learn how to search for a value in a general binary tree using a clear C program.
PROBLEM UNDERSTANDING
Input and expected output
Sample input
No input required
Sample output
Value found.
COMPLETE C PROGRAM
Complete C implementation
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct TreeNode { int data; struct TreeNode *left; struct TreeNode *right; };
struct TreeNode *new_node(int value)
{
struct TreeNode *node = malloc(sizeof *node);
if (node == NULL) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
node->data = value; node->left = NULL; node->right = NULL;
return node;
}
struct TreeNode *sample_tree(void)
{
struct TreeNode *root = new_node(1);
root->left = new_node(2); root->right = new_node(3);
root->left->left = new_node(4); root->left->right = new_node(5);
root->right->left = new_node(6); root->right->right = new_node(7);
return root;
}
void free_tree(struct TreeNode *root)
{
if (root == NULL) return;
free_tree(root->left); free_tree(root->right); free(root);
}
int tree_search(struct TreeNode *root, int key)
{
if (root == NULL) return 0;
return root->data == key || tree_search(root->left, key) || tree_search(root->right, key);
}
int main(void)
{
struct TreeNode *root = sample_tree();
puts(tree_search(root, 6) ? "Value found." : "Value not found.");
free_tree(root);
return 0;
}CURRENT STEP
SELECTED LINE
EXPECTED OUTPUT FOR THE SAMPLE
Value found.
Step 0 of 0
PROGRAM EXPLANATION
Algorithm and explanation
- Read the required input values.
- Check the current node and recursively search both subtrees when necessary.
- Display the computed result.
Check the current node and recursively search both subtrees when necessary.
EFFICIENCY
Time and space complexity
Time complexity
O(n)
Auxiliary space
O(h)
DEBUGGING CHECKLIST
Common mistakes
Check this
Use the correct format specifier for every variable.
Check this
Initialize variables before using their values.
Check this
Check braces, semicolons and input order carefully.
Try it yourself
Practice: Run the program with the sample input, predict its output, and then test one boundary case of your own.
