Check Whether a Binary Tree Is Height-Balanced

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct TreeNode { int data; struct TreeNode *left; struct TreeNode *right; };
struct TreeNode *new_node(int value)
{
    struct TreeNode *node = malloc(sizeof *node);
    if (node == NULL) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    node->data = value; node->left = NULL; node->right = NULL;
    return node;
}
struct TreeNode *sample_tree(void)
{
    struct TreeNode *root = new_node(1);
    root->left = new_node(2); root->right = new_node(3);
    root->left->left = new_node(4); root->left->right = new_node(5);
    root->right->left = new_node(6); root->right->right = new_node(7);
    return root;
}
void free_tree(struct TreeNode *root)
{
    if (root == NULL) return;
    free_tree(root->left); free_tree(root->right); free(root);
}
int balance_height(struct TreeNode *root)
{
    if (root == NULL) return 0;
    int left = balance_height(root->left);
    int right = balance_height(root->right);
    if (left < 0 || right < 0 || abs(left - right) > 1) return -1;
    return 1 + (left > right ? left : right);
}

int main(void)
{
    struct TreeNode *root = sample_tree();
    puts(balance_height(root) >= 0 ? "Tree is balanced." : "Tree is not balanced.");
    free_tree(root);
    return 0;
}