DATA STRUCTURES PROGRAM • GRAPHS
Find Shortest Paths with Bellman-Ford
Learn how to find shortest paths with bellman-ford using a clear C program.
PROBLEM UNDERSTANDING
Input and expected output
Sample input
No input required
Sample output
0 -1 2 -2 1
COMPLETE C PROGRAM
Complete C implementation
#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>
struct Edge { int from; int to; int weight; };
int main(void)
{
struct Edge edges[] = {
{0,1,-1},{0,2,4},{1,2,3},{1,3,2},{1,4,2},{3,2,5},{3,1,1},{4,3,-3}
};
int distance[5] = {0, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, INT_MAX};
for (int pass = 1; pass < 5; pass++)
for (int index = 0; index < 8; index++) {
int from = edges[index].from, to = edges[index].to, weight = edges[index].weight;
if (distance[from] != INT_MAX && distance[from] + weight < distance[to])
distance[to] = distance[from] + weight;
}
for (int vertex = 0; vertex < 5; vertex++) printf("%d ", distance[vertex]);
putchar('\n');
return 0;
}CURRENT STEP
SELECTED LINE
EXPECTED OUTPUT FOR THE SAMPLE
0 -1 2 -2 1
Step 0 of 0
PROGRAM EXPLANATION
Algorithm and explanation
- Read the required input values.
- Relax every edge V-1 times so shortest paths with negative edges can propagate.
- Display the computed result.
Relax every edge V-1 times so shortest paths with negative edges can propagate.
EFFICIENCY
Time and space complexity
Time complexity
O(VE)
Auxiliary space
O(V)
DEBUGGING CHECKLIST
Common mistakes
Check this
Use the correct format specifier for every variable.
Check this
Initialize variables before using their values.
Check this
Check braces, semicolons and input order carefully.
Try it yourself
Practice: Run the program with the sample input, predict its output, and then test one boundary case of your own.
