ADVANCED DATA STRUCTURES PROGRAM • LEVEL 15 — DIGITAL SEARCH TREES

Find the Longest Common Prefix with a Trie

Learn how to find the longest common prefix with a trie using a clear C program.

AdvancedTrieDigital search

PROBLEM UNDERSTANDING

Input and expected output

Sample input
No input required
Sample output
Prefix = fl

COMPLETE C PROGRAM

Complete C implementation

ads-trie-longest-common-prefix.c
Open in compiler
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Trie { struct Trie *child[26]; int terminal, pass; };
struct Trie *new_trie(void) { struct Trie *node = calloc(1, sizeof *node); if (!node) exit(EXIT_FAILURE); return node; }
void insert_word(struct Trie *root, const char *word) { for (int i = 0; word[i]; i++) { int index = word[i] - 'a'; if (!root->child[index]) root->child[index] = new_trie(); root = root->child[index]; root->pass++; } root->terminal = 1; }
struct Trie *walk(struct Trie *root, const char *word) { for (int i = 0; word[i] && root; i++) root = root->child[word[i] - 'a']; return root; }
void free_trie(struct Trie *root) { if (root) { for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) free_trie(root->child[i]); free(root); } }

int main(void)
{
    const char *words[] = {"flower", "flow", "flight"}; struct Trie *root = new_trie();
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { insert_word(root, words[i]); }
    char prefix[30]; int length = 0;
    while (root && !root->terminal) { int child = -1, count = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if (root->child[i]) { child = i; count++; } if (count != 1) break; prefix[length++] = (char) ('a' + child); root = root->child[child]; }
    prefix[length] = '\0'; printf("Prefix = %s\n", prefix); return 0;
}

GUIDED CODE TOUR • NOT LIVE EXECUTION

Study the program line by line

Use the real compiler button above to run and debug with different inputs.

CURRENT STEP

Select Start to walk through the important lines.

SELECTED LINE

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EXPECTED OUTPUT FOR THE SAMPLE

Prefix = fl
0%Step 0 of 0

PROGRAM EXPLANATION

Algorithm and explanation

  1. Read the required input values.
  2. Continue while the current trie node has exactly one child and is not a complete word.
  3. Display the computed result.

Continue while the current trie node has exactly one child and is not a complete word.

EFFICIENCY

Time and space complexity

Time complexity

O(total characters)

Auxiliary space

O(total characters * alphabet)

DEBUGGING CHECKLIST

Common mistakes

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Use the correct format specifier for every variable.

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Initialize variables before using their values.

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Check braces, semicolons and input order carefully.

Try it yourself

Practice: Run the program with the sample input, predict its output, and then test one boundary case of your own.