ADVANCED DATA STRUCTURES PROGRAM • LEVEL 17 — ADVANCED HEAPS
Implement a D-Ary Max Heap
Learn how to implement a d-ary max heap using a clear C program.
PROBLEM UNDERSTANDING
Input and expected output
Sample input
No input required
Sample output
Extracted: 50 40 30 20 15 10
COMPLETE C PROGRAM
Complete C implementation
#include <stdio.h>
void insert(int heap[], int *size, int value, int degree) { int index = (*size)++; heap[index] = value; while (index > 0) { int parent = (index - 1) / degree; if (heap[parent] >= heap[index]) break; int t = heap[parent]; heap[parent] = heap[index]; heap[index] = t; index = parent; } }
int extract_max(int heap[], int *size, int degree) { int answer = heap[0]; heap[0] = heap[--(*size)]; int index = 0; for (;;) { int best = index; for (int child = degree * index + 1; child <= degree * index + degree && child < *size; child++) if (heap[child] > heap[best]) best = child; if (best == index) break; int t = heap[index]; heap[index] = heap[best]; heap[best] = t; index = best; } return answer; }
int main(void)
{
int heap[20], size = 0, values[] = {10, 40, 15, 30, 50, 20};
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) insert(heap, &size, values[i], 3);
printf("Extracted:"); while (size) printf(" %d", extract_max(heap, &size, 3)); putchar('\n'); return 0;
}CURRENT STEP
SELECTED LINE
EXPECTED OUTPUT FOR THE SAMPLE
Extracted: 50 40 30 20 15 10
Step 0 of 0
PROGRAM EXPLANATION
Algorithm and explanation
- Read the required input values.
- Give every node d children and restore max-heap order along parent or best-child paths.
- Display the computed result.
Give every node d children and restore max-heap order along parent or best-child paths.
EFFICIENCY
Time and space complexity
Time complexity
O(log_d n) per operation
Auxiliary space
O(n)
DEBUGGING CHECKLIST
Common mistakes
Check this
Use the correct format specifier for every variable.
Check this
Initialize variables before using their values.
Check this
Check braces, semicolons and input order carefully.
Try it yourself
Practice: Run the program with the sample input, predict its output, and then test one boundary case of your own.
