Understand Execution
OS purpose, kernels, system calls, processes and threads.
CODEBHAVYA • CORE COMPUTER SCIENCE
See What Happens between a Program and the Hardware
Learn how an operating system creates processes, shares the CPU, protects memory, stores files and keeps concurrent programs correct.
15
Structured levels
4
Learning stages
8+
Interactive labs
3
System projects
Editor
Browser
Compiler
open() · read() · fork() · mmap()
KERNEL
Processes
Memory
Files
Devices
CPU
RAM
DISK
I/O
YOUR COURSE CHECKPOINTS
Build Systems Thinking across 15 Levels
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Four Stages from Kernel Foundations to Placement
Follow the sequence because scheduling, synchronization, memory and file systems build on the process model.
Control Resources
Scheduling, synchronization and deadlock reasoning.
Manage Data
Memory, virtual memory, files, disks and I/O.
Protect & Prove
Security, Linux, virtualization and portfolio projects.
Execution Foundations
Operating System Foundations
Understand why an OS exists and how it connects applications to hardware.
- Purpose and responsibilities
- User and kernel mode
- Interrupts and traps
- Boot and service flow
Kernels & System Calls
Compare kernel structures and trace a protected service request.
- Monolithic and microkernels
- Layered and modular design
- APIs versus system calls
- System-call lifecycle
Processes & PCB
Trace process creation, states, context switches and termination.
- Program versus process
- Process control block
- State transitions
- Context-switch cost
Threads & Concurrency
Share process resources while managing independent execution paths.
- Thread components
- User and kernel threads
- Threading models
- Concurrency versus parallelism
Resource Control
CPU Scheduling
Compare algorithms using waiting, turnaround and response time.
- FCFS, SJF and SRTF
- Priority scheduling
- Round Robin
- Gantt-chart analysis
Process Synchronization
Protect shared state and prove critical-section correctness.
- Race conditions
- Mutexes and semaphores
- Monitors
- Classic synchronization problems
Deadlocks
Detect cycles and compare prevention, avoidance and recovery.
- Coffman conditions
- Resource-allocation graphs
- Banker’s algorithm
- Detection and recovery
Memory & Storage
Memory Management
Translate logical addresses and compare allocation strategies.
- Contiguous allocation
- Internal/external fragmentation
- Paging and segmentation
- Address translation
Virtual Memory
Load pages on demand and reason about replacement and thrashing.
- Demand paging
- Page-fault handling
- FIFO, Optimal and LRU
- Working sets and thrashing
File Systems
Map names to stored blocks and compare allocation methods.
- Files and directories
- Inodes and metadata
- Allocation methods
- Free-space management
I/O & Disk Scheduling
Coordinate devices, interrupts, DMA and storage requests.
- Drivers and controllers
- Interrupt and DMA I/O
- Disk scheduling
- RAID foundations
Systems & Career Readiness
Protection & Security
Control access to system resources and reduce attack impact.
- Protection domains
- ACLs and capabilities
- Authentication
- Threats and defenses
Linux & System Programming
Connect OS concepts to commands and small C programs.
- Shell and process tools
- fork, exec and wait
- Pipes and signals
- File descriptors
Virtualization & Containers
Compare virtual machines and containers from an OS perspective.
- Type 1 and Type 2 hypervisors
- Virtual machines
- Namespaces and cgroups
- Cloud resource isolation
Projects & Placement
Build visible systems evidence and explain every trade-off.
- Scheduler simulator
- Mini shell
- Memory-management visualizer
- Interview and viva revision
Operating Systems Case Studies
Build reliable real time systems through this applied learning
- Trace CPU scheduling
- virtual-memory replacement
- multi-instance deadlock detection with tested simulators
LEARN BY OBSERVING STATE
Begin OS Foundations →
Every Lab Makes Invisible OS Decisions Visible
Trace process states, Gantt charts, locks, page tables, page faults, file blocks and disk-head movement before solving independently.